Roman portrait sculpture evolved from hyper-realism in the Republican Era to abstract spirituality in the Constantinian period, reflecting changing cultural ideals.
Empress Messalina, married to Claudius, wielded significant power in Rome but faced a scandalous downfall after her secret marriage to Gaius Silius in AD 48.
In Ancient Rome, women navigated a complex social landscape that defined their roles and responsibilities. Despite a lack of formal power, women found ways to exert influence, particularly within the confines of their homes. This article explores the multifaceted lives of Roman women, shedding light on the subtle dynamics that governed their existence.
