Empress Messalina, married to Claudius, wielded significant power in Rome but faced a scandalous downfall after her secret marriage to Gaius Silius in AD 48.
Explore the Stoic philosophy's perspective on fate and free will, highlighting its balance in Roman literature and history. Discover how Stoics, like Seneca and Marcus Aurelius, navigated the interplay between divine providence and personal responsibility, and its relevance in today's discussions on determinism and moral choice.
Born around AD 55 in Hierapolis, Phrygia, Epictetus rose from slavery to become a prominent Stoic philosopher. His teachings, marked by a religious tone, resonated strongly with early Christian thinkers. Despite facing expulsion from Rome by Emperor Domitian, Epictetus' influence endured through his pupil Arrian’s works, the Discourses and Encheiridion.
Stoicism, an ancient Greek philosophy, emerged in Athens in the early 3rd century BCE, founded by Zeno of Citium. It emphasizes self-control and resilience as means to navigate life's challenges. The philosophy advocates for living in harmony with nature and reason, considering virtue the highest good. As Stoicism permeated Roman culture, it significantly influenced their ethical framework.
Caesar's name is synonymous with power, ambition, and monumental change, and it is hard to overstate his role in shaping the course of Roman history. Known as one of the most strategic leaders of the ancient world, Julius Caesar's rise from a young politician to the dictator of Rome not only transformed the political landscape of his time but also left a legacy that continues to fascinate scholars and enthusiasts alike. What drove this remarkable figure to consolidate power, and how did his decisions resonate throughout history?
